# Int and UInt

CoordinatorDB provides signed (`Int`) and unsigned (`UInt`) integers from 8 through 256 bits. Use a width that contains the values your column must accept. Unsigned types reject negative values.

## Syntax

```text
Int8 | Int16 | Int32 | Int64 | Int128 | Int256
UInt8 | UInt16 | UInt32 | UInt64 | UInt128 | UInt256
```

## Integer Ranges

A signed N-bit integer ranges from `-2^(N-1)` through `2^(N-1)-1`. An unsigned N-bit integer ranges from `0` through `2^N-1`.

| Type      | Minimum                                                                          | Maximum                                                                          |
| --------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| `Int8`    | `-128`                                                                           | `127`                                                                            |
| `Int16`   | `-32768`                                                                         | `32767`                                                                          |
| `Int32`   | `-2147483648`                                                                    | `2147483647`                                                                     |
| `Int64`   | `-9223372036854775808`                                                           | `9223372036854775807`                                                            |
| `Int128`  | `-170141183460469231731687303715884105728`                                       | `170141183460469231731687303715884105727`                                        |
| `Int256`  | `-57896044618658097711785492504343953926634992332820282019728792003956564819968` | `57896044618658097711785492504343953926634992332820282019728792003956564819967`  |
| `UInt8`   | `0`                                                                              | `255`                                                                            |
| `UInt16`  | `0`                                                                              | `65535`                                                                          |
| `UInt32`  | `0`                                                                              | `4294967295`                                                                     |
| `UInt64`  | `0`                                                                              | `18446744073709551615`                                                           |
| `UInt128` | `0`                                                                              | `340282366920938463463374607431768211455`                                        |
| `UInt256` | `0`                                                                              | `115792089237316195423570985008687907853269984665640564039457584007913129639935` |

## Conversion and overflow

Inserts, updates, casts, defaults and generated expressions must fit the declared range. Out-of-range conversion raises `NUMERIC_OVERFLOW`; values do not wrap around. Fractional numeric input truncates toward zero before range checking.

Use quoted decimal text for wide values when the calling language or a JSON client cannot preserve a large integer exactly. Native wide integers support exact numeric operations; the legacy `INTEGER` declaration instead follows SQLite-style affinity.

A top-level column accepts SQL `NULL` unless it declares `NOT NULL`.

## Examples

### Creating a typed counter

```sql
CREATE TABLE counters(id UInt32 PRIMARY KEY, attempts UInt8 NOT NULL);
INSERT INTO counters VALUES (1, 255);
```

```sql
SELECT id, attempts
FROM counters
FORMAT csv;
```

```text
1,255
```

An attempt to store `256` in `attempts` raises `NUMERIC_OVERFLOW`.

### Converting a wide unsigned value

```sql
SELECT CAST('18446744073709551615' AS UInt64),
       CAST('340282366920938463463374607431768211455' AS UInt128)
FORMAT csv;
```

```text
18446744073709551615,340282366920938463463374607431768211455
```

### Truncating fractional input

```sql
SELECT CAST(12.9 AS Int8), CAST(-12.9 AS Int8)
FORMAT csv;
```

```text
12,-12
```

See [Decimal](https://coordinatordb.com/docs/reference/data-types/decimal) for exact fractional values and [floating-point types](https://coordinatordb.com/docs/reference/data-types/float) for approximate values.